Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) is a metalloenzyme found naturally in human cells and various plant sources. It serves a pivotal antioxidant role by catalyzing the dismutation of superoxide radicals into hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen—thereby reducing oxidative stress at the cellular level. In skincare, this mechanism translates into effective protection against premature aging caused by environmental aggressors such as UV radiation and pollution. Studies have shown that topical application of SOD reduces signs of photoaging, including fine lines, wrinkles, and hyperpigmentation, while supporting skin cell regeneration and barrier function. It is often used in anti-aging serums, eye creams, and post-procedure recovery treatments due to its potency and tolerability.

In haircare, SOD contributes to scalp health by minimizing oxidative damage that can disrupt hair follicle cycles and weaken the dermal papilla. It is particularly useful in formulations targeting thinning hair or inflammation-induced hair loss. Products like scalp serums and follicular support lotions include SOD to help counteract the effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are implicated in conditions such as androgenetic alopecia. Its antioxidant action may also improve the bioavailability of other active compounds by preserving formulation integrity against degradation.