Malic Acid, an alpha‑hydroxy acid (AHA) naturally derived from fruits like apples and pears, offers effective yet gentle exfoliation by loosening cohesion between epidermal corneocytes, thus fostering smoother skin texture and a more radiant complexion. Its larger molecular size compared to glycolic or lactic acid reduces skin penetration, making it particularly well‑suited for sensitive or reactive skin types. Additionally, it exhibits humectant properties, attracting and retaining moisture within the skin, helps balance skin pH, and supports collagen renewal and anti‑aging outcomes by promoting cell turnover.

Although the majority of research focuses on skin applications, haircare use is more limited. When used in formulations such as hair sprays or shampoos, Malic Acid functions primarily as a pH adjuster or mild exfoliant for the scalp, but formulations must minimize ocular exposure due to irritation risk.