Hexylresorcinol (4‑hexylresorcinol) is a lipophilic resorcinol derivative renowned for its potent inhibition of tyrosinase, the key enzyme in melanin synthesis. With an IC₅₀ of ~1.2 µM against mushroom tyrosinase, it can, depending on the application, outperform hydroquinone and kojic acid, delivering visible improvements in dark spots, uneven skin tone, and hyperpigmentation within 8 to 16 weeks [1]. It also exhibits strong antioxidant effects, neutralizing free radicals, mitigating glycation damage, and promoting collagen and elastin synthesis via NF‑κB pathway modulation, resulting in firmer, more resilient skin.
In hair and scalp care, hexylresorcinol’s antimicrobial and soothing properties make it an excellent candidate for formulations targeting dandruff, scalp irritation, and imbalanced microbiomes. By reducing microbial overgrowth and inflammation, it supports a healthier scalp environment conducive to hair strength and growth [2].
Quick Insights
Ingredient Rating:
GREAT
Type of Ingredient:
Astringent, Antioxidant, Soother, Anti-Inflammatory Agent, Microbiome Balance Agent, Barrier Support, Tone Evener and Anti-Aging Agent
Intended Function:
Deliver visible brightening, reduce hyperpigmentation and fine lines, reinforce skin barrier, and/or calm the scalp.
Common Applications:
Ideal for use in serums, creams, emulsions, and scalp treatments aimed at tone correction, evening, brightening, anti-aging, and scalp health enhancement.
Target Audience:
People looking for advanced brightening and barrier-repair products for skin types prone to pigmentation, photoaging, sensitivity, or scalp imbalance.
Also Known As:
4‑Hexylresorcinol, HX, HXR, Synovea® HR
Safety Analysis
Displays potent tyrosinase inhibition and antioxidant action in both lab and clinical settings. A 12-week split-face trial using 0.4% hexylresorcinol + 3% niacinamide showed superior reduction in dark spots, fine lines, and improved firmness, with no adverse events [2, 3].
Mechanism of Action: In addition to direct tyrosinase inhibition, it suppresses NF‑κB to support collagen synthesis and mitigate inflammation & glycation.Antimicrobial & Scalp Benefits: Demonstrates broad microbial inhibition with MIC values as low as 0.3 µg/mL against relevant pathogens.
Usage Considerations: Optimal effectiveness at pH < 6 and 0.2–1% concentrations; synergistic with niacinamide, vitamin C, retinoids. Can be formulated in high-solubility aqueous concentrates .
Potential Risks: Rare irritation may occur in sensitive individuals—standard patch testing advised. Minimal estrogenic concerns in older animal models are not supported by recent data .
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